What is "by law?

"By law" signifies something that is mandated or permitted through legislation, statutes, or regulations enacted by a governing body. It implies a legal requirement or allowance, carrying the force of legal authority. Actions taken "by law" are in compliance with the rule of law and are legally enforceable. Violations can result in legal consequences such as fines, imprisonment, or other penalties. The specific meaning depends on the context of the particular law or regulation being referenced.